Atlas · Licensing
Incra's Obligation in Expropriation for Agrarian Reform
AnswerIncra must promote expropriation of areas declared of social interest under the procedure set by Complementary Law n.º 76/1993, administratively verify occurrences excluding compensation, and ensure conciliation between settlement and the environment.
Reviewed on 2026-10-03 · next review 2027-04-03
Data
| Action | Procedure | Exceptions to Compensation | Source | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Declaration of social interest | Declaration by presidential decree (e.g., Decree n.º 9.431/2018) | Livestock, agricultural machinery, and implements | Decree n.º 9.431/2018, art. 2º | 28/06/2018 |
| Expropriation | Promotion and execution under Complementary Law n.º 76/1993 | Public or private domain areas declared null/prescribed | Decree n.º 9.431/2018, art. 3º, I | 28/06/2018 |
| Exclusion of compensation | Administrative verification of occurrences (art. 2º) | Improvements introduced by agrarian reform beneficiaries | Decree n.º 9.431/2018, art. 3º, II | 28/06/2018 |
| Environmental preservation | Preferential maintenance of single plot for legal reserve and APP | — | Decree n.º 9.431/2018, art. 3º, III | 28/06/2018 |
Data consulted on 03/10/2026.
Basis
- Decree n.º 9.431/2018 (Planalto, en portugués): Establishes Incra’s procedure for expropriation of areas declared of social interest for agrarian reform, with specific exclusions to compensation (art. 2º) and execution obligations (art. 3º), aligned with Complementary Law n.º 76/1993.
How it applies
Incra acts in three areas:
1. Expropriation: Executes expropriation of the declared area of social interest under the procedure set by Complementary Law n.º 76/1993, without requiring prior judicial declaration.
2. Exclusion of compensation: Administratively verifies occurrences excluding compensation (e.g., livestock, public/private domain areas, or improvements by agrarian reform beneficiaries) and invokes them in court.
3. Environmental preservation: Ensures preferential maintenance of a single plot for legal reserve and permanent preservation areas, balancing settlement and the environment.
Limits
- Exceptions to compensation rights: No compensation for livestock, agricultural machinery, implements, public/private domain areas declared null/prescribed, or improvements by agrarian reform beneficiaries (art. 2º and 3º, II).
- Excluded infrastructure: The declaration does not apply to road infrastructure of the SNV or areas of transmission lines/pipelines (art. 4º).
- Dominial legitimacy: Expropriation only occurs after private legitimacy of the area is attested (art. 3º).
- Sources: This document covers only Decree n.º 9.431/2018 and Complementary Law n.º 76/1993. Subsequent changes must be checked on Planalto and Incra.
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